Acromegaly - Symptom, Treatment and cause of Acromegaly

Acromegaly Description

Excess growth in specific parts of the body due to a growth hormone imbalance.

Acromegaly Cause

Excess production of growth hormone in the pituitary gland, which sits underneath the brain. Growth hormone is required for the normal growth of a child, but if it is produced inappropriately later in life, acromegaly results. The most common reason for this is a tumour in the pituitary gland, but occasionally tumours elsewhere can secrete the hormone.

Acromegaly Symptom

Excessive growth of the hands, feet, jaw, face, tongue and internal organs. Patients also suffer headaches, sweating, weakness, and loss of vision. A woman's menstrual periods will stop.

Investigation

Blood tests can be used to prove the diagnosis, and X-rays and CT scans of the skull can detect the tumour.

Acromegaly Treatment

Specialised microsurgery through the nose, and up into the base of the brain, to remove the tumour. Occasionally irradiation of the tumour may be performed. Usually hormone supplements must be taken long term to replace those normally produced by the destroyed pituitary gland.

Complications

Diabetes insipidus (see separate entry) is a common complication of the disease and its treatment.

Prognosis of Acromegaly

Treatment is very successful, particularly in younger adults.